Hepatitis B Virus (HBV)

Hepatitis B virus, referred to as hepatitis B, is a disease caused by hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection of the body. Hepatitis B virus is a hepatotropic virus that is mainly present in hepatocytes and damages hepatocytes, causing hepatocyte inflammation, necrosis, and fibrosis. Viral hepatitis B is divided into acute and chronic types. Acute hepatitis B can heal spontaneously in 90% of adults, while chronic hepatitis B has different manifestations and is divided into chronic hepatitis B carries, chronic active hepatitis B, and hepatitis B cirrhosis.

HBV antigen, antibody detection: Surface antigen (HBsAg), surface antibody (anti-HBs), antigen (HBeAg), antibody (anti-HBe) and core antibody (anti-HBc) are called five items of hepatitis B. They are commonly used detection indicators of HBV infection and can reflect the HBV level in the subject and the body’s response, and roughly assess the virus level.

HBeAg is a soluble component of hepatitis B core antigen, which often coexists with serum HBV DNA, DNA-P and Dane particles and is a marker of HBV replication and infectivity. Hepatitis B e antigen is a soluble protein present in the core particle in a cryptic form and distributed in the intercellular space, which may be associated with viral replication. Hepatitis B e antigen is the core part of hepatitis B virus, so it is generally believed that positive hepatitis B e antigen is a marker of infectivity.

Hepatitis B virus surface antibody (anti-HBs) is an immunoreactive antibody (protective antibody) produced by patients infected with hepatitis B virus to hepatitis B surface antigen protein. Anti-HBs is a neutralizing antibody that has protective immunity against HBV and neutralizes HBV infection and protects against reinfection.